Punching-machine.



No. 655,327. Patented Aug. 7, I900.

A. CRUI'CKSHANKS.

PUNCHING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 28, 1899.)

(No Iodol.)

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NITED STATES PATENT @Fmc.

ALEXANDER ORUICKSHANKS, OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

PUNCHlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 5,327, dated August 7,1900.

Application filed September 28, 1899. Serial No. 731,919. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it'known that I, ALEXANDER ORUIoK- sHANKs, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, and a resident of Richmond city, State of Virginia,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Punching-Machines,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to punches, and particularly to the class known asportable hand punches, which may be economically employed in thepunching of thin sheet and of the softer metals; and it consists of apunch-arm and a die-arm carrying, respectively, a punch and a die at oneend and pivotally connected at the other end and having means situatedbetween the punching ends and the pivotally-connected ends whereby thesaid arms may be given the motion necessary for the operation ofpunching.

My invention can be used not only as a portable punch, but also as astationary punch by fixing it in a vise or by attaching it to a post,wall, or other fixed object. This is made possible and convenient by theplacing of the operating mechanism, which preferably consists of a pinhaving eccentric or cam parts, which parts engage in the arms of thepunch between the pivotally -connected ends and the punching ends of thearm. Another great advantage of this location of the operating mechanismis the obtaining in a given length of punch-arm as great a distance aspossible between the pivoted and punching ends of the arms, thus makingthe are described by the punch when in operation more nearly approach astraight line and so rendering the operation of punching easier andcleaner and also lengthening the life of the punch and die.

My invention possesses other advantageous features, which willbereferred to hereinafter.

In the drawings, which accompany and form a part'of this specification,Figure I is a side elevation of the portable punch. Fig. II is a plan ofthe same. Fig. III is a detail showing the eccentric-pin. Fig. IV is anend view of the eccentric-pin with the nut and collars omitted for thesake of clearness. Fig. V is another view of the eccentric-pin, showinga slightly modified construction. Figs. VI and VII are respectively theplan and elevation of the bushing. Figs. VIII and IX show the punchingends or heads of the punch-arm and the die-arm, respectively. Fig. X isa broken View in elevation of the punch arm head, showing an alternativemethod of securing the punch.

In Fig. I, 1 and 2 are the arms which carry the punch and die and whichare pivotally connected by means of the bolt 3. One of the arms,preferably the die-supporting arm 2, extends beyondthe pivot 3, as shownat 4. This extension 4 serves a double purpose. When using the punch asa portable punch, the operators helper can by slipping apiece of pipeover the extension form a longer arm or handle wherewith to support thepunch. In using the punch as a stationary punch the extension 4 can beclamped between the jaws of the vise, or it can be bolted to anysuitable fixed object or to a knee or bracket, which may in turn bebolted to the fixed object. Thus it will be seen that the punch can beused in practically any desired position.

Holes 22 22 are provided in. the extension 4 for bolts.

Located in the checks of the arms that is, I

between the punching ends and the pivotally-connected ends of the armsisthe operating mechanism, which consists of a pin having an eccentricportion and which on being rotated will cause the punch and die heads ofthe arms 1 and 2 to approach and recede from one another. This pin isshown in detail in Fig. III, referring to which the line a: y is theprincipal axis of the pin. 20 is a square head. 19 is a collar,preferably forged solid on the pin. 18 is a cylindrical part having ornot having,as will be hereinafter explained, its axis coincident withthe principal axis a: y of the pin. 17 is another cylindrical part,

whose axis is not coincident with the axis of the part 18 and which,withthe part 18, consequently forms an eccentric. 14 is a loose 'collar. 13is a nut which engages a threaded part 26 of the pin and which on beingtightened up causes the loose collar 1a to bear against the shoulder 23.The threaded part 26 is preferably made concentric with the part 17 asthereby a greater diameter is obtainable than if it were made concentricwith the principal axis 50 y. The pin terminates with another squarehead 12 3 but this head may be omitted, if desired. The distance betweenthe two collars 14 and 19 when the former is brought up to the shoulder23 is very slightly in excess of the combined thickness of the checks ofthe arms 1 and 2, the excess being allowed so that the collars shall notwhile holding the pin and the arms firmly in position cause the saidarms to bind upon one another.

In the arm 2 is an aperture 24;, which neatly engages the cylindricalpart 18 of the pin, the length of the 'said aperture and of the part 18being the same. In the arm 1 is a rectangular aperture 15, in which isneatly fitted the bushing 16. In this bushing is an aperture 25, adaptedto neatly engage'the part 17 of the pin. The rectangular aperture 15 issufficiently longer in a direction at right angles to the line of motionof the punch than the bushing 16 to allow for the motion in the saiddirection imparted to the latter by means of the part 17 when the pin isrotated.

As hereinbefore stated, the part 18 of the pin may have its axiscoincident or not with the principal axis so y-that is, with the axis ofthe square head 20.

In some cases it may be found to be desirable to have the part 18 alsoengage in a bushing fitted in the arm 2, as shown by dotted lines at 27in Fig. IX, instead of merely in a circular aperture cut in the saidarm. In such cases it is perhaps better to construct the pin as shown inFig.V, in which the principal axis of the pin that is, the center of thesquare head 20fal1s between the axes of the eccentric parts 18 and 17.This construction will be found desirable where a larger throw of thepunch is necessary, as by dividing the horizontal motion of the bushingsbetween the said bushings and so by admitting of shorter rectangularapertures in which to fit'the bushings it will render unnecessary anymaterial increase in the depth, and consequently in the weight of thecheeks of the arms, which additional depth and weight would be necessarywere the whole throw of the eccentric-pin to be communicated to onebushing only.

The eccentric-pin is operated by means of a wrench or lever 21, one endof which is provided with a socket adapted to engage the square head 20of the pin.

8 is a punch having a threaded portion 9' engaging in an aperture in thehead of the arm 1. The aperture may be threaded to engage the threads onthe punch-body, in which case the punch is securely locked in place bymeans of a nut 11; but it may be sometimes found desirable to fix thepunch as shown in Fig. X, wherein the aperture in the head of the arm isnot threaded, but is made of just suificient diameter to admit of thepunchbody being passed through it. The punch is then secured by means oftwo nuts 11 and 11. Whichever method of fixing the punch is employed, itwill be seen that the distance the punch projects through the head ofthe arm can be quickly adjusted. The upper end of the punch is providedwith means for turn ing the latter, such as a square head or ascrew-driver slot, as shown at 10.

The head of the arm 2 is bored, as shown at 7, the upper end of the borebeingincreased in diameter to receive the die 5, which may be givenadditional security by means of a set-screw 6. The perforation of thedie is 7 5 concentric with the bore 7, the latter being sufiicientlylarge to provide a means of escape for the burs.

The above-described methods of fixing the punch in the arm have greatadvantages. Any slackness due to wear may be immediately taken up bymeans of the nut or nuts, the punch will never get out of line with thedie during its useful life, the gap between the punch and the die, andconsequently the necessary throw of the lever 21, can be adjustedrapidly and certainly for different thicknesses of metal, and should itbe necessary to remove the punch or die the same can be done withouttaking the arms apart. 0 To efiect the removal of the punch when securedas shown in Fig. I, the nut 11 is slackened, when the punch can beeasily withdrawn by means of a screw-driver. When it is secured asshownin Fig. X, the-nut 11 is slackened and run off. The punch can then bequickly withdrawn by hand. To remove the die, the punch is run upwarduntil it is within the head of the arm, whereupon the die can be takenout.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect byUnited States I Letters Patent, is

1. In a hand-punch, the combination of a punch, a die, a punch-arm, adie-arm, the x05 said arms being pivotally connected at one .end, andcarrying, respectively, the punch and the die at the other end, arotatable eccentric-pin located between the pivotally-connected ends andthe punch and die carrying no ends of the arms, and adapted to give,when rotated, to the arms a reciprocating motion, and means for rotatingthe eccentric pin.

2. In a hand-punch, the combination of a punch, a die, a punch-arm, adie=arm, the said arms being pivotally connected at one end, andcarrying, respectively, the punch and the die at the other end, and oneof the arms being extended beyond the pivot, a ro= tatable eccentric pinlocated between the pivotally-connected ends and the punch and diecarrying ends of the arms, and adapted to give, when rotated, to thearms a reciprocating motion, and means for rotating the eccentric-pin.12 5 3. In a hand-punch, the combination of a punch,-a die, a punch-arm,a die-arm, the said arms being pivotally connected at one end, andcarrying, respectively, the punch and the die at the other end, and oneof the arms be- 1 0 ing extended beyond the pivot, a rotatableeccentric-pin located between the pivotallyconnected ends and the punchand die-'carryin g ends of thearms, and having a part adapted to engagein a perforation in one of the arms, and having another part which iseccentric with the first-mentioned part, and which is adapted to engagein a slidable bushingin the other arm, and having collars adapted tokeep the punch and die arms and the eccentric parts of the pin in properrelative position, and means for rotating the eccentrio-pin.

4. In a hand-punch, the combination of a punch, a die, a punch-arm, adie-arm, the said arms being pivotally connected at one end, andcarrying, respectively, the punch and the die at the other end, and oneof the arms being extended beyond the pivot, a rotatable eccentric-pinlocated between the pivotallyconnected ends and the punch and diecarrying ends of the arms, and having eccentric parts adapted to engagein slidable bushings in the arms, and having collars adapted to keep thepunch and die arms and the eccentric parts of the pin in proper relativeposition, means for rotating the eccentric-pin, and bushings slidablyfitted one in each arm, and adapted to engage the eccentric parts of thepin.

5. In a punching-machine, a die-arm, a punch-arm, the said arms beingpivotally connected atone end, and carrying, respectively, the die andthe punch at the other end, and one of the said arms being extendedbeyond the pivot, a die, an adjustable punch adapted to engage in aperforation in the punch-arm, and adapted to be secured in position bymeans of a nut or nuts engaging threaded portions of its body, incombination with a rotatable eccentric-pin located between thepivotally-connected ends and the punch and die carrying ends of thearms, and adapted and arranged to give, when rotated, to the said arms areciprocating motion, and means for rotating the eccentric-pin.

6. In a punching-machine the combination, of two punching-jaws pivotedtogether at their rear ends and connected near their forward ends by apin journaled in the arms, one portion of the said pin in one of thearms being eccentric with reference to the other portion, and means forrotating the pin substantially as described.

Signed by me at Richmond, Virginia, this 31st day of August, 1899.

ALEXANDER ORUICKSHANKS.

\Vitnesses:

ARTHUR SCRIVENOR, O. W. THROCKMORTON.

